Comprehensive review of the STCW Convention and Code - FAQ

2. What is the STCW Convention and Code and how has it evolved? 

The 1978 International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW Convention) provides the global framework for the training and certification of seafarers.  

One of its primary goals is to ensure worldwide uniform and consistent training for all seafarers to operate ships safely and efficiently, reinforcing the human element as a cornerstone of maritime safety. 

Since its adoption in 1978, the STCW Convention has undergone significant revisions to respond to evolving operational, technological and regulatory needs.  

1995 amendments – STCW Code 

The 1995 amendments comprehensively revised the Convention, introducing the STCW Code, a detailed competence-based approach to training. It includes part A, mandatory provisions, and part B, recommended guidance.  

The 1995 amendments strengthened provisions on quality standards and enforcement, introducing requirements for Parties to the Convention to provide detailed information to IMO concerning administrative measures taken to ensure compliance with the Convention. Following review of that information, IMO issues a list of "confirmed Parties" in compliance with the STCW Convention (sometimes referred to as the “white list”). 

2010 Manila Amendments 

The 2010 Manila Amendments followed a review, focusing on modernizing the Convention by addressing a range of navigation aspects. 

Among the amendments adopted were strengthened measures to prevent fraudulent practices related to certificates of competency, enhancements to evaluation processes, revised requirements on hours of work and rest, expanded training for emerging technologies, new security training requirements to prepare seafarers for threats such as piracy, and special provisions for navigation in polar waters.

 3. Why is the STCW Convention and Code undergoing further comprehensive review?  

Advances in digitization, automation, and emerging technologies are reshaping ships’ operations and the competencies required of seafarers. At the same time, social developments call for greater attention to diversity, gender equality, and the growing participation of women in the maritime workforce.  

To remain relevant and effective, training and certification frameworks must continue to adapt. In 2024, IMO initiated a comprehensive review of the STCW Convention, ensuring it continues to serve as a foundation for safe, sustainable and human-centred maritime operations.  

The current comprehensive review represents one of the most ambitious undertakings in the history of the STCW Convention.  With more than 400 gaps (HTW 12/6) identified by HTW 11, the scope of the review is unprecedented. It goes beyond updating individual provisions and instead looks holistically at whether the Convention remains fit for purpose in light of profound changes in the maritime sector. 

For HTW 12, more than 160 documents have been submitted by Member States and international organizations. The volume and breadth of input from Member States and stakeholders are significantly greater than in previous reviews. The number of submissions reflects both the complexity of the issues under consideration and the strong engagement of the international maritime community. 

4. What are the aims and guiding principles of the review? 

The comprehensive review of the 1978 STCW Convention and Code is addressing trends, developments and challenges, enhancing safety, well-being, skills and career development, while safeguarding fundamental rights. The review supports the effective implementation of the Convention, focusing on issues identified over the years, and intends to ensure global consistency in training and certification, employment mobility and high safety standards across the sector.   

The review aims to deliver a modernized STCW Convention and Code that reflects technological advances, evolving social standards and the human element at the heart of maritime safety. 

This comprehensive revision is expected to have profound and lasting impact on national Administrations, training institutions, the maritime industry and seafarers worldwide.  

This impact will materialize progressively, as seafarers acquire the required knowledge, skills and competencies through revised training, certification and operational experience, thereby ensuring that the revised Convention and Code are effectively embedded in practice, resulting in sustained improvements in safety, professionalism and well-being across the global maritime workforce. 

• Read more on the aims of the Comprehensive Review of the 1978 STCW Convention and Code here.
• Read more on the principles of the Comprehensive Review of the 1978 STCW Convention and Code here. 

5. Who is participating in the review?  

The review will impact national Administrations, training institutions, the maritime industry and seafarers worldwide. All stakeholders are involved in the review through the formal processes at IMO.  

IMO Member States and non-governmental international organizations (NGOs) in consultative status with IMO are encouraged to cooperate and engage in the process.  

Their commitment is illustrated by the large number of documents submitted to the Sub-Committee on Human Element, Training and Watchkeeping (HTW), which is tasked with carrying out the review. 

More than 160 documents on the comprehensive review have been submitted to HTW 12th session (February 2026).

 6. What is the timeline of the review? 

Read more

• Training and Certification - Human Element
  
• Sub-Committee on Human Element, Training and Watchkeeping (HTW) meeting documents (IMODOCS)